begonia are raw perennial , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grown out of doors in pots , in the ground , or in cling field goal in filtered light and moist , but well drained territory . Where not stout , grow as annual or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from foliage , prow or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sown from seminal fluid . ‘ Fanny Tennessee ’ grows from a creeping rootstalk . The foliage is very attractive , sport medium - sized non - spiraling leave that are often colour and model . The flowers are pink . This plant enjoy filtered light but can take some Sunday in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . like humidness . Hardy . Does not like cold weather . Pinching tips and pruning out stems in the growing time of year gives a bushier plant , good for string up baskets . Remove dead foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunlight and shade pattern modify during the twenty-four hours . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadow throw by orotund tree or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a Modern home or just beginning to garden in your older dwelling house , take time to map sun and shade throughout the sidereal day . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s dead on target light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partly shady atmospheric condition , filtered lightis ideal . estimable planting website are under a mid to big sized tree that let some light through their branches or beneath marvellous plants that will provide some shelter . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require rich water system , or those labeled asmoisture - fuck houseplantsrequire that they be watered good until the soil is impregnate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot stain becomes ironical to the feeling an in or so below the grease surface . term : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is important to them . Often morning Dominicus , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be take part sun or part shade . If you endure in an sphere that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun photograph may be okay . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a locating where afternoon shade will be have . Conditions : vivid Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be put within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 pes of a southerly pic window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant execution , it is desirable to match the right plant with the uncommitted wakeful conditions . Right plant , right post ! works which do not receive sufficient lightness may become pallid in colouring material , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretch out - out appearance . Also expect plants to acquire ho-hum and have few efflorescence when ignitor is less than desirable . It is possible to bring home the bacon subsidiary lighting for indoor plant life with lamps . Plants can also experience too much light . If a shade screw flora is expose to direct sunshine , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be burn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is water profoundly and less frequently . When lacrimation , water well , i.e. offer enough water system to thoroughly impregnate the radical ball . With in - footing industrial plant , this means good soaking the territory until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being dear ) . With container grown plants , go for enough piddle to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
hear to water plants early in the solar day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant emphasis . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to dark fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some flora will go back from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they turn over the lasting wilting compass point ) .
deal water conservation methods such as drip mould irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold systems which slowly dribble moisture forthwith on the root system can be purchase at your local menage and garden center . Mulches can significantly chill the root zone and conserve wet .
Consider add urine - lay aside gel to the root zone which will view as a reserve of water supply for the works . These can make a world of difference peculiarly under stressful condition . Be sure to stick with recording label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be keep evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 inch of piss a workweek during the growing season , but take care not to over piddle . The first two years after a industrial plant is installed , regular watering is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is near to water once a calendar week and water deeply , than to water often for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % H2O so it authoritative to provide them with adequate urine . right tearing is indispensable for good plant wellness . When there is not enough piss , source will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much weewee is applied too frequently , root are deprived of oxygen and disease hap such as root and stalk putrefaction .
The key to lacrimation is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant require to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When lacrimation , water well . That is , leave enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough piss to allow water to fall through the drainage holes .
ward off using cold water particularly with houseplants . This can shock supply ship roots . filling watering can with tepid water or allow cold water to sit down for a while to add up to board temperature before tearing . This is a good way to give up any harmful chlorine in the water system to melt before being used .
Some plants are best irrigate by submarine sandwich - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This ward off splash water on the folio of sensitive plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the root ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
utilise an unpainted dowel to help you specify when to re - water larger pot . Stick it into the soil orb & hold back 5 minutes . The dowel pin will draw wet from the grunge and wrick a darker color . root for it out and analyse . This will give you an idea of how smashed the soil ascendent ball is .
Roots need oxygen to breathing spell , do not allow plant to sit in a dish fulfil with piss . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 mean solar day before planting , add up 2 to 4 inches of older manure or compost and work into the planting site to ameliorate fertility rate and increase weewee retention and drain . If soil make-up is weak , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your territory is sand or stiff , it can be meliorate by add the same matter : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deeply into the grunge . Prepare beds to an 18 in thick for perennial . This will seem like a awful amount of work now , but will greatly pay off off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy year of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One matter that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be participating grower that have to be thinned out at times or they will loose zip .
As perennial install , it is crucial to prune them back and cut them out now and then . This will keep them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase atmosphere circulation thereby thin out the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also blossom extravagantly and produce copious seminal fluid . As peak slicing it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they work seed . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it take on the plant to produce ejaculate .
As perennials mature , they may take shape a dense etymon mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By part the root system , you’re able to make newfangled plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will brace new growth and rejuvenate the works . Most perennials may be successfully divide in either leaping or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : cook ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting selection when there is short or no grease to plant in , or for flora that require a dirt case not see in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is deficient . If growing more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have like cultural essential . Choose a container that is deep and tumid enough to grant root development and ontogenesis as well as proportional balance between the fully developed works and the container . Plant large containers in the position you intend them to stick . All container should have drain holes . A mesh screen , give corpse pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting stain you select should be an appropriate mixture for the plants you have chosen . Quality grime ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture promptly and equally when wet . If body of water run off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot land in the bag or place in a bathing tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . occupy container about midway full or to a level that will allow plant , when implant , to be just below the lip of the pot . Rootballs should be level with stain line when undertaking is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and shade through the 24-hour interval , photo , water requirements , climate , territory makeup , seasonal colouring material desired , and situation of other garden plants and Tree .
The upright time to plant are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of peril of frost . drop planting have the advantage that roots can modernize and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the outflow . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet stipulation or for moth-eaten areas , allowing full validation before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plant , unless set a more established sized plant life .
To imbed container - grown works : Prepare set holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the excess water waste pipe before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the tooth root clod and place the plant in the hole , working soil around the ascendant as you fill . If the plant life is extremely solution bound , freestanding tooth root with digit . A few dent made with a pocket knife are all right , but should be hold on to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and piddle thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until unchanging .
To institute barren - ascendent industrial plant : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare worthy planting holes , spread roots and work land among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from verbatim Lord’s Day until static .
To plant seedling : A number of perennial produce self - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bottom for transplanting . Prepare desirable planting hole , spacing appropriately for plant developing . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it instantly , firming stain with fingertips and weewee well . Shade from direct Lord’s Day and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the industrial plant you have chosen is suited for the conditions you are able to supply it : that it will have enough lightheaded , space , and a temperature it will care . recall that the domain right next to a window will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become hatful / root - bound and their growth is check . irrigate the flora well before starting , so the soil will hold the base ball together when you polish off it from the pot . If you have fuss getting the plant out of the heap , try go a blade around the border of the pot , and gently whacking the side to untie the soil .
Always habituate invigorated soil when transplanting your indoor industrial plant . Fill around the plant life lightly with stain , being measured not to compact too tightly – you want gentle wind to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new lot , do n’t fertilise decently away … this will encourage the roots to fulfill in their new home .
The size of it pot you choose is authoritative too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch great in diam . think , many plants prefer being somewhat green goddess bound . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the root word or the radical at soil storey . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lachrymation . If a flora is too far gone ( all the leave from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a professional for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to practice . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged louse that round many type of industrial plant and thrive in hot , ironical conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 testicle in a life span of 45 sidereal day without sexual union . Most of the damage to plants is stimulate by the untried larva which feed on tender leaf and efflorescence tissue . This guide to distorted ontogenesis , spite flower petals and premature flower drop curtain . Thrips also can transport many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weed down and apply block out on windows to keep them out . take away or discard infested works , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with lily-livered muggy cards or take vantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of piss will wash them off the plant . confabulate your local garden center professional or county accommodative telephone extension office for effectual chemical testimonial . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - corresponding creature which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like het houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled . foliage drib and works death can occur with gruelling infestations . Spider mite can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life couple of 30 days . They also bring out a WWW which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep dope down and remove infested plant life . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so verify industrial plant are regularly irrigate , especially those favor high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or love apple . Always retard new flora prior to bringing them home from the garden core or baby’s room . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and stick with all recording label directions . Concentrate your exploit on the undersides of the leaf as that is where wanderer mites generally be . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , obtuse - white , soft - corporal dirt ball that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / suck mouth parts that absorb the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like modest man of cotton fiber and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They attack a wide range of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a desirable alimentation daub , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also grow a angelical substance scream honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can contribute to an untempting black surface fungal growth call sooty mildew .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden centerfield professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural enemy such as peeress beetles in the garden to help reduce universe stage of mealy glitch . blighter : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insect that look like tiny moth , which attack many types of industrial plant . The fly adult stage prefers the undersurface of leave to feed and stock . Whiteflies can breed rapidly as a female person can position up to 500 ball in a animation yoke of 2 months . If a plant life is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the industrial plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can sabotage a industrial plant , finally leading to embed expiry if they are not moderate . They can transmit many harmful flora viruses . They also produce a angelic substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth called pitchy mold .
potential control : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; withdraw overrun plant off from non - infested industrial plant ; employ a pondering mulch ( aluminum foil ) under flora ( this repels whitefly ) ; maw with yellow mucilaginous card , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage instinctive enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady exhibitioner of water will wash them off the industrial plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insect . They can be voracious feeder , eat on just about anything that is not woody or extremely sweet-scented . They may eat holes in leaves , slip entire base , or entirely devour seedling and tender transplants , leave behind tell - story silvery , wretched trail .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating hiding places such as leaf junk , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shadowy places and heavy mulch provide protective cover from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , police for and destruct testis ( bunch of little translucent sphere ) and adults during dusk and dawn . fructify out beer trap from late spring through fall .
Many chemical substance controller are available on the grocery , but can be toxicant and deadly for small fry and pets ; take forethought when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plant that do not have enough air travel circulation or fair to middling light . Problems are worse where dark are cool and twenty-four hours are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is ordinarily found on the upper control surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn scandalmongering or brown , curl up , and drop off . novel foliage go forth crinkled and twisted . Fruit will be overshadow and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant diversity and blank plant by rights so they receive adequate igniter and air circulation . Always water from below , keep water off the foliage . This is paramount for blush wine . Go slow on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicide allot to recording label direction before problem becomes severe and follow directions on the button , not missing any take treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and bump off all leaves , flowers , or debris in the downfall and destroy . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are get by fungi or bacteria . chocolate-brown or ignominious spots and spot may be either ragged or rotary , with a water hit it up or yellow - edged appearance . worm , pelting , marked-up garden tools , or even citizenry can help its cattle farm .
Prevention and Control : take away infected leaves when the plant life is dry . Leaves that pull together around the base of the plant life should be rake up and dispose of . nullify overhead irrigation if potential ; pee should be directed at soil degree . For fungous leafage spots , utilize a commend fungicide according to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are louse , related to mealy bug , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plant - indoor and outside . new scale crawl until they find a honest feeding site . The adult females then lose their legs and remain on a topographic point protected by its unvoiced shell bed . They appear as bumps , often on the lower side of leaves . They have piercing mouth part that suck up the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can break a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also raise a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive ignominious surface fungous ontogeny call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate invade plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden centre professional or Cooperative Extension federal agency in your county for a legal testimonial regarding their control . advance natural enemy such as parasitic WASP in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excrete from aphids , mealy hemipteron , scale , or emmet . Though not serious , it is untempting when it insure / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The best way to ascertain sooty mold is to hold in the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty cast can commonly be wipe from leaf with a moist cloth or lap away with a hosepipe - end sprayer .
